T he entire structure sits on the single block with free-standing pillars, thus leaving space at ground level for gardens and other leisure spaces. ![]() The exterior consists of prefabricated reinforced concrete elements which are connected to the structural frame. On this structure, the flats, which are assembled independently on the basis of construction elements such as carpentry or partition walls, rest. Firstly, the foundations of the structure are made of concrete slabs, beams and pillars. In terms of its structure, we can distinguish three main elements. Le Corbusier thought of a "vertical village" or "vertical garden city" to try to make the project self-sufficient. This means that the concept is to allocate in the same building all the services that a family might need (school, laundry, shops, even a library). More than 26 services are accommodated inside. "L'Unité d'habitation" in Marseille has a capacity for 1600 inhabitants in 377 duplex flats distributed along interior streets. This building was an innovation in the architectural design of buildings intended for residential use. One example is the "Narkomfin building" in Moscow. The roof terrace as a meeting space is one of the most important areas which included an athletics track, an indoor gymnasium, a club, an infirmary and a nursery.Īs if can be seen, "l'Unité d'habitation" establishes the basis for the full use of space in a residential building and is a truly innovative concept for the post-war period.įor the design of the living unit, Le Corbusier was inspired by Soviet Communal buildings. ![]() The standardisation of space and rationalisation of construction means that many people can live in the housing unit at a lower cost. We are referring to hot water systems, ventilation systems or lifts. ![]() The efficiency of systems and installations is important to make domestic tasks more efficient and to make people's lives easier. Generating a vertical community, in addition to providing community facilities and services, frees up useful ground floor space for parks and landscaping, which allows community gathering. Individual freedom does not work without collective order. Thus, the family can come together to prepare food or have lunch. A bedroom is not only used for sleeping, but also as an office or gym.īecause of this individuality and personal freedom, a single integrated space comprising kitchen, dining room and living room should be considered. This is why we can draw some conclusions from "l'Unité d'habitation" which have their origin in the modular proportions or the Modulor system. Le Corbusier wanted to re-examine people's life conditions of the time in order to create a home that would include everything necessary for living. His idea is based in the garden-city concept, where the building is the city and the garden lies at the its feet, materialised in large green spaces. ![]() With this system of collective housing, Le Corbusier sought to oppose de-urbanisation from an urban and integrated point of view. Le Corbusier considered this work to be experimental, as such a building had never been built before and it was uncertain how it would be accepted. Le Corbusier's Unité d'Habitation de Marseille was designed between 19, but construction did not begin until 1951. Ultimately, the aim of the housing unit was to solve the housing problems of the post-war period. The project's idea was to create a communal housing block that would allow inhabitants to live there with better quality of life. Therefore, Le Corbusier, decided to design a multi-family residential housing project in Marseille, free from any regulation with the support of the Minister of Reconstruction and Urban Planning, Raoul Dautry. Architectural history of the "Unité d'habitation"Īfter the Second World War and the destruction caused by this war, the need for housing was unsustainable. In this article we talk about the concept of the "Unité d'habitation" (the housing unit or dwelling unit) to learn more about its origin, history and characteristics. The design and construction of this building is marked by history and reflects the characteristics of the main urban phenomenon of the period. The housing unit in Marseille (France) is one of the first large-scale projects by the famous architect Le Corbusier.
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